Glenn Ligon, Untitled - Four Etchings [C]
In this black-on-black etching, Glenn Ligon uses Ralph Ellison's quote from the prologue of his novel, Invisible Man (1952): "I am an invisible man. No, I am not a spook like those who haunted Edgar Allan Poe; nor am I one of your Hollywood-movie ectoplasms. I am a man of substance, of flesh and bone, fiber and liquids—and I might even be said to possess a mind. I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to see me. Like the bodiless heads you see sometimes in circus side-shows, it is as though I have been surrounded by mirrors of hard, distorting glass. When they approach me they see only themselves, or figments of their imagina-"
Platform of the Workingmen’s Party of California (en español)
In Spanish, the political platform of the Workingmen's Party of California, a third party organized around eliminating competition for white laborers in the West and advocating for a ban on Chinese immigration.
Chinese Immigrants Write to President Grant
Chinese leaders in California write to President Ulysses S. Grant in 1876 about the discrimination their communities face from a rising anti-Chinese movement.
Chinese Immigrants Write to President Grant (en español)
In Spanish, Chinese leaders in California write to President Ulysses S. Grant in 1876 about the discrimination their communities face from a rising anti-Chinese movement.
"Colored Rule in a Reconstructed (?) State" (1874)
How do racial stereotypes in the media create and reinforce “in” groups and “out” groups in a society?
Part Five: Violence and Backlash
Scholars discuss racial violence that took part in the South during the Reconstruction era.
"He Wants a Change Too" (1876)
Propaganda about racial stereotypes used in the Reconstruction Era
How do racial stereotypes in the media create and reinforce “in” groups and “out” groups in a society?
Healing and Justice Anticipation Guide
This handout asks students to engage with some of the dilemmas that Americans faced after the Civil War by taking positions on various statements.
Healing and Justice Anticipation Guide (en español)
In Spanish, this handout helps students engage with some of the dilemmas that Americans faced after the Civil War.