Responsibility of Command
Class A defendants Matsui Iwane and Hirota Koki are questioned as to their knowledge of atrocities committed by those under their command.
What History Textbooks Leave Out
In 2013, BBC reporter Oi Mariko reflected upon her own childhood education in Japan in the article “What Japanese History Lessons Leave Out”.
No Time to Think
Explore bystander behavior, conformity, and obedience in a German college professor’s account of how he responded to Nazi policies and ideology.
No Time to Think (en español)
Explore bystander behavior, conformity, and obedience in a German college professor’s account of how he responded to Nazi policies and ideology. This resource is in Spanish.
Outlawing the Opposition
Learn about Hitler’s early measures against "enemies of the state," including the Enabling Act and the first concentration camp at Dachau.
Pledging Allegiance
Compare the text of Germany's original military oath with Hitler’s new oath, and consider the implications of the oath's promise of allegiance to a single leader.
Pledging Allegiance (en español)
Compare the text of Germany's original military oath with Hitler’s new oath, and consider the implications of the oath's promise of allegiance to a single leader. This resource is in Spanish.
Pledging Allegiance (En Español)
In Spanish, compare the text of Germany's original military oath with Hitler’s new oath, and consider the implications of the oath's promise of allegiance to a single leader.
"Restoring" Germany's Civil Service
Read a letter exchange between Adolf Hitler and President Paul von Hindenburg regarding a law that suspended Jews from positions of civil service in Nazi Germany.